Fertility Test Reveals Man Has a Uterus, Testes Missing From Scrotum

What began as a routine infertility check in Delhi turned into a shocking medical discovery for a man who had been living with typical male physical features. Doctors found a well formed uterus inside his body during the investigation.

The man approached doctors after facing infertility. During the examination, doctors found that both his testes were missing from the scrotum. A semen test also showed no sperm, a condition known as azoospermia.

Doctors then conducted chromosome tests, hormone tests and scans to understand the reason behind the infertility. The tests showed an XY male chromosomal pattern, while ultrasound and MRI revealed a fully formed uterus inside his body.

The scans also showed that both testes were located inside the abdomen. Doctors identified the condition as Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome, a rare congenital condition in which female reproductive structures remain inside a person with male chromosomes and typical male external features.

Doctors later removed the uterus and the undescended testes through laparoscopic surgery. The decision was taken partly because undescended testes can carry a higher risk of developing cancer if left inside the abdomen.

The rare case had remained undetected for years because the man had no obvious symptoms apart from infertility. Doctors said such unusual cases can sometimes come to light only during detailed investigations for unexplained infertility.

The case has once again highlighted the importance of detailed fertility testing. Doctors say patients with unexplained infertility, absent testes or azoospermia may require imaging, hormonal and genetic tests to identify underlying conditions.